大功率直流电机

1. 功能：电机是单向还是双向转动？需不需要调速？对于单向的电机驱动，只要用一个大功率三极管或场效应管或继电器直接带动电机

1 function: motor is one-way or two-way rotation? Need not speed regulation? For one-way motor drive, as long as the use of a large power transistor or FET or relay directly drive the

motor

即可，当电机需要双向转动时，可以使用由4 个功率元件组成的H 桥电路或者使用一个双刀双掷的继电器。如果不需要调速，只要使

The utility model can be used for the bidirectional rotation of the motor, and the H bridge circuit composed of 4 power components can be used or a double pole double throw relay is

used. If you do not need speed, as long as

用继电器即可；但如果需要调速，可以使用三极管，场效应管等开关元件实现PWM（脉冲宽度调制）调速。

With the relay can be; but if you need to speed, you can use the transistor, FET and other switching elements to achieve PWM (pulse width modulation) speed.

2. 性能：对于PWM 调速的电机驱动电路，主要有以下性能指标。

2 Performance: for PWM speed motor drive circuit, the main performance indicators.

1）输出电流和电压范围，它决定着电路能驱动多大功率的电机。

1) the output current and voltage range, which determines how much power the circuit can drive the motor.

2）效率，高的效率不仅意味着节省电源，也会减少驱动电路的发热。要提高电路的效率，可以从保证功率器件的开关工作状态和防

2 efficiency, high efficiency means not only to save power, but also reduce the drive circuit heating. In order to improve the efficiency of the circuit, it is possible to ensure the switching

state and the protection of the power device

止共态导通（H 桥或推挽电路可能出现的一个问题，即两个功率器件同时导通使电源短路）入手。

Check common conduction (a problem, H bridge or push-pull circuit may appear the two power devices simultaneously conducting the power of short circuit).

3）对控制输入端的影响。功率电路对其输入端应有良好的信号隔离，防止有高电压大电流进入主控电路，这可以用高的输入阻抗或

3) effect on control input. The power circuit should have good signal isolation to prevent the high voltage and high current from entering the main control circuit

光电耦合器实现隔离。

Optocoupler isolation.